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TPLF Establishes a New Military Organization and Political Administrative Structure in Tigray

Amid mounting tensions with the federal government and divisions within Tigray’s political and military ranks, the TPLF is building a command and governance architecture designed to preserve its decisive power over the region.

የትግራይ ተዋጊ ሀይሎች (TDF) ወታደራዊ አወቃቀር እና አዲሱ የጦር መኮንኖች ሽግሽግ
Wazema · By Wazemaradio · 30 March 2026 · read the original in AM →

Wazema has learned, through interviews with various sources, that following the emergence of a sharp disagreement between Tigray and the federal government, and the outbreak of a serious split among Tigray’s own political and military groups, the TPLF has put in place a new military organization and a political administrative structure.

Among the new arrangements is the chain of command under which the Tigray Defense Forces (TDF) have been organized. Our sources also told us that the new structure is one that enables the TPLF, by any means, to remain decisive in the fate of the region. Read the details.

There has for some time been a threat of war in northern Ethiopia. In the shadow of this war cloud, the Tigray Defense Forces (TDF), which are said to have been undertaking a number of structural changes, have over the past six months in particular been carrying out reforms centered on the lower ranks, reshuffles of senior military commanders, and troop redeployments. Although this reshuffle is intended to remove the army from political wrangling and bring it under a single central command, Wazema has heard from current and former members of the force that there remains intense tension within it, as well as shifts in alignment.

The Tigray force was established in 2013 E.C., following the war that broke out between the federal government and the TPLF. Rather than being a regular army, it was drawn from different sections of society: former members of the national defense forces of Tigrayan origin, members of the region’s special force and police who existed before the war, militias, as well as students and trained volunteer youths engaged in various fields of work. Within this military force, it is said that former members of the national defense forces of Tigrayan origin, especially those who had taken part in the TPLF’s 17-year struggle to overthrow the Derg regime, are the army’s “backbone.” Deployment of armies and strategic locations

The army has four fronts and 12 numbered divisions. Although full details have not been made public in order to protect military secrecy, the numbered armies are twelve in all.

The Northern Front includes Army 15, based in Adigrat; Army 10, stationed in the region’s Eastern Zone; and Armies 11, 13, and 17, which operate in the directions of Irob, Adwa, Axum, and Badme.

The Southern Front includes Army 20, whose special name is “Anbesa” and which operates around Maychew and Mekhoni, as well as Armies 21 and 23, which operate in the directions of Korem and Alamata.

The Western Front has under it Army 31, which voiced protest late last year and operates around the border areas of Tselemti, Humera, and May Tsebri. Armies 33 and 35, which operate around Welkait and the Sudan border crossings, are also under this front.

Army 91, or the division known as the Mechanized unit, which is armed with heavy weapons, has been led by General Gebremedhin (Dinkul) and is stationed in the area of Mekelle city known by the special name “Kuha.”

Army 09, or the Commando Division, is the force that protects key sites in the capital, Mekelle.አርሚ 09 ወይም ኮማንዶ ክፍለ ጦርም በመዲናዋ መቐለ ቁልፍ ስፍራዎችን የሚጠብቅ ሃይል ነው፡፡

The force known as Army 70, which split from the army during the war and remained in Sudan, is a mobile force located on the Sudanese border through “Hamdayit.” Beyond receiving Sudanese military support, repeated allegations have been made that this force is taking part on the side of the Sudanese army in the fighting between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces. Bringing the volunteers and militia into a central army structure

The military force is divided into four fronts, known as the Northern, Southern, Western, and Eastern fronts. The four fronts have 12 divisions, or armies, under their command.

In this regard, General Haileselassie Girmay (Wedi Embeytey), as head of the operations department, coordinates all the divisions; Brigadier General Migbey Haile is commander-in-chief of the Western Front; General Yohannes Woldegiorgis (John Medid) commands the Southern Front; and General Fisha Kidanu (Manjus), head of the region’s Peace and Security Bureau, leads the Northern Front.

Over the past few months, the army has carried out a reshuffle of front and division commanders, a move said to be intended to move the force out of the framework of an irregular fighting body and create a consistent, strong defense force.

Members of the army who spoke with Wazema say that front commanders are now being made to operate under one central system, or Central Command, as they did during the war. They said that General Haileselassie Girmay (Wedi Embeytey), formerly commander-in-chief of Army 3 on the Eastern Front and now head of the army’s operations department, has overall command of the army’s military movements. They further explained that this “Central Command” is led by the president of the interim administration, Lieutenant General Tadesse Werede.

They told us that Brigadier General Masho Beyene, who was commander of the Northern Front during the war, has continued in his post, and that General Abraha Tesfay (Dinkul), who led as commander of the Eastern Front during the war, has been transferred to the Western Front. In addition, Major General Migbey Haile, commander-in-chief of the Western Front, has also been given overall responsibility for the army’s training and reform.

Under the reform, a strict prohibition has been imposed preventing the divisions, or armies, on each front from making any movement without orders from the Central Command. It will be recalled that the president stated that a new financial structure had been put in place so that the army, which had previously fought on a voluntary basis, would now formally become salaried by the government. The TPLF as a “Mekhete Council”

This council was established in 2018 E.C. after dissolving the interim council that had been set up by the former president of the interim administration, Ato Getachew Reda, and that had included opposition political parties. Sources close to the regional government said that this council, formed in response to the political crisis that arose in the region, includes members of the TPLF executive and central committees, front commanders, and senior military officers said to be “loyal” to the TPLF, and that the council’s chair is Dr. Debretsion Gebremichael. The president of the interim administration, Lieutenant General Tadesse Werede, serves in the council in a deputy capacity.

They said that any political or military decisions made in the region pass through this council, and that they believe the recent reshuffle of military commanders was also a decision of the council. Wazema’s sources explained that the council’s principal aim is to perpetuate the TPLF’s system and political supremacy, and said that the council operates above the interim administration. Division among senior officers

Following the differences that emerged between the TPLF groups led by Dr. Debretsion Gebremichael and Ato Getachew Reda, similar divisions also arose among the army’s senior officers. It will be recalled that, in the wake of this, Brigadier General Gu’ush Gebre, who was accused in August 2018 E.C. of “plotting to attempt a coup” after moving Army 15 and surrounding the interim administration office with heavy vehicles mounted with DShK machine guns and other weapons, and General Teklay Ashebir (Wedi Ashebir), who publicly declared his opposition to the system, withdrew themselves from the army.

Nor should it be forgotten that General Tsadkan Gebretensae and General Gebreegziabher Beyene (Wedi Antiru), who withdrew themselves in protest against the decision made at a January 2017 E.C. meeting of senior military officers described as “above corps level” to align with the TPLF, also formed their own armed force operating in Afar as a result of the split.

Sources close to the process told us that this structure, which shows a tendency both toward overlap and contradiction among the fighting force, the political organization, and the TPLF, gives the TPLF greater control and a leadership role, while it will have a negative effect by widening the power struggle that has emerged in the region. [Wazema]

Y done · S save · G great · B bad · N not for me